Greenland Ice Sheet Halos

Last updated on September 26, 2023

Greenland Ice Sheet Halos: A Mesmerizing Atmospheric Phenomenon

Greenland, known for its vast icy landscapes, is not only a breathtaking sight but also a source of captivating atmospheric optics phenomena. One such phenomenon is the occurrence of halos on the Greenland Ice Sheet. These halos, captured by photographer Marie McLane at Summit Station, offer a glimpse into the mesmerizing interplay of light and ice crystals high up on the 1-2 mile thick ice sheet.

The Glints of Diamond Dust Crystals

As we gaze upon the images captured by Marie McLane, we are treated to a spectacle of streaks and spots that form the halos. These glints of light are actually the reflections from individual diamond dust crystals suspended in the air. Millions of these tiny crystals combine their glimmering effects to generate the enchanting halos that adorn the Greenland Ice Sheet.

Exploring the Panorama: Parhelic Circles and Parhelia

In the panoramic view of the Greenland Ice Sheet, one can observe various atmospheric phenomena. The white parhelic circle stands out, encircling the viewer with its ethereal beauty. On the far left and right sides of the panorama, we catch a glimpse of the bright 120-degree parhelia, which add an extra touch of splendor to the scene. Additionally, keen observers may notice hints of Lowitz activity at the 22° sundogs, further enhancing the visual spectacle.

Understanding the Ice Sheets and Halo-Forming Crystals

To fully appreciate the formation of these halos, it is important to understand the characteristics of ice sheets and the crystals involved. Ice sheets, such as the one found in Greenland, are massive expanses of ice that cover large land areas. They form over thousands of years as layers of snow accumulate and compress under their own weight. The resulting ice crystals within these sheets serve as the building blocks for the halos we witness.

The Enigmatic 46° Halo or Supralateral Arc?

While admiring the Greenland Ice Sheet halos, one may ponder whether they are witnessing a 46° halo or a supralateral arc. The 46° halo is a circular halo that forms at an angle of 46 degrees from the Sun. On the other hand, the supralateral arc is a horizontal arc that extends beyond the 46° halo. Determining which phenomenon is present can add to the intrigue and fascination of observing these atmospheric optics phenomena.

Parry Arcs: A Delicate Addition to the Display

In the realm of Greenland Ice Sheet halos, Parry arcs can also make an appearance. These arcs are faint and delicate, forming on either side of the 22° halo. They arise due to the interaction between light and ice crystals within the atmosphere. The presence of Parry arcs further enriches the visual tapestry and adds a touch of delicacy to the overall display.

Unraveling the Mysteries of Parhelic Circles

Parhelic circles, another captivating feature seen in the Greenland Ice Sheet halos, deserve special attention. These circular arcs form around the Sun and are caused by the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of sunlight by ice crystals. Parhelic circles can appear as complete circles or partial arcs, enveloping the observer in a celestial embrace. Their presence adds depth and dimension to the already awe-inspiring panorama.

A World of Wonder in Greenland's Ice Sheet Halos

The Greenland Ice Sheet halos provide us with a glimpse into a world of wonder where light and ice crystals converge to create breathtaking displays. The intricate dance between these elements produces a symphony of colors, shapes, and patterns that captivate our imagination. As we explore the panoramic views and analyze the various phenomena at play, we gain a deeper appreciation for the delicate balance of nature and the beauty that lies within our atmosphere.

Conclusion

Greenland Ice Sheet halos offer a mesmerizing display of atmospheric optics phenomena. The glints of diamond dust crystals, the parhelic circles, the 120-degree parhelia, and the enigmatic 46° halo or supralateral arc all contribute to the captivating panorama. As we delve into the intricacies of ice sheets, halo-forming crystals, Parry arcs, and the mysteries of parhelic circles, we unlock a world of wonder that exists high above the Greenland Ice Sheet. Let us continue to marvel at the magnificence of our atmosphere and the breathtaking displays it has to offer.

Greenland Ice Sheet Halos

Marie McLane captured these halos at Summit Station high up on the 1-2 mile thick ice sheet. The streaks and spots are the glints from individual diamond dust crystals. Millions combined to generate the halos.

Images ©Marie mcLane, shown with permission

Scroll along the panorama to savour the white parhelic circle and at far left and right the bright 120 degree parhelia. Is there a hint of Lowitz activity at the 22° sundogs?

Ice sheets

Halo forming crystals_ _Diamond dust

120° parhelia

Parry arcs

Is it a 46° halo or supralateral arc?

Parhelic circles

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