Stratosphere still dusty

Last updated on September 16, 2023

Stratosphere Still Dusty: Exploring the Lingering Effects of Volcanic Eruptions

The stratosphere, a layer of the Earth's atmosphere located approximately 10 to 50 kilometers above the surface, is still showing signs of dust and aerosols resulting from volcanic eruptions. This phenomenon, known as atmospheric optics, can create stunning visual displays such as vibrant sunsets and enhanced light scattering. Recent observations and measurements provide valuable insights into the persistence of these particles and their impact on our atmosphere.

One striking example of the stratospheric dust's influence is captured in a panoramic photograph taken by Claudia Hinz at the Wendelstein Observatory in Germany. The image showcases a mesmerizing sunset with intense yellows and pinks. These vivid colors are partly attributed to the scattering of light by ash and sulfate aerosols present in the stratosphere. These aerosols are remnants of the eruption of Kasatochi, which occurred two months prior.

To further illustrate the presence of dust in the stratosphere, a Lidar scattering probe was employed at a station in northern Norway. The resulting chart from September 30th reveals a distinct haze layer located approximately 16 kilometers above the Earth's surface. This thin red/yellow line on the chart indicates an elevated level of light scattering in the stratosphere. The observations from this probe, courtesy of the Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), provide valuable data on the extent and characteristics of these aerosols.

The lingering presence of dust and aerosols in the stratosphere can be attributed to several factors:

1. Volcanic Eruptions: The primary source of these particles is volcanic activity. When volcanoes erupt, they release ash and other particulate matter into the atmosphere. These particles can be propelled high into the stratosphere due to the upward force generated by volcanic plumes.

2. Transportation Mechanisms: Once in the stratosphere, the dust and aerosols can be transported over long distances by atmospheric circulation patterns. These particles can travel thousands of kilometers from the source of the eruption, impacting regions far from the volcano itself.

3. Persistence: The stratosphere is characterized by stable atmospheric conditions, which allow particles to remain suspended for extended periods. Unlike the lower atmosphere, where precipitation can quickly remove particles, the stratosphere lacks this mechanism, leading to a longer lifespan for the dust and aerosols.

The presence of these particles in the stratosphere has both visual and atmospheric implications. From a visual standpoint, the scattering of light by these particles can result in striking atmospheric phenomena. Sunsets and sunrises may exhibit enhanced colors, with vibrant hues of red, orange, pink, and purple dominating the sky. These captivating displays are a testament to the intricate interplay between sunlight and airborne particles.

From an atmospheric perspective, the presence of dust and aerosols in the stratosphere can have significant effects on climate and weather patterns. These particles can impact the Earth's radiation balance by scattering and absorbing solar radiation. This alteration in energy distribution can lead to changes in temperature profiles, influencing weather systems and climate dynamics on a global scale.

Understanding the persistence of dust and aerosols in the stratosphere is crucial for climate scientists and atmospheric researchers. By studying these particles, scientists can refine climate models, improve predictions of future climate scenarios, and gain insights into the intricate workings of our atmosphere.

In conclusion, the stratosphere continues to bear the remnants of volcanic eruptions through the presence of dust and aerosols. These particles, suspended high in the atmosphere, contribute to mesmerizing visual displays and impact our climate system. Ongoing research endeavors strive to unravel the complexities of these atmospheric optics phenomena, shedding light on our ever-changing atmosphere.

Volcanic Sunset 27th September from Mount Wendelstein, Germany. Image ©Claudia Hinz, shown with permission.

Claudia Hinz (atmospheric optics site) took this panorama (scroll) from the Wendelstein Observatory. The strong yellows and pinks are partly due to light scattered by ash and sulfate aerosol in the stratosphere, remnants of the eruption of Kasotochi two months ago. The inset chart shows the result of a Lidar scattering probe of the atmosphere on 30th September at a station in northern Norway. The haze layer 16 km up in the stratosphere is visible as a thin red/yellow line indicating enhanced light scattering. Chart courtesy of the Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP).

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Reference Atmospheric Optics

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