New York Circumzenithal Arc

Last updated on September 16, 2023

Exploring the Phenomenon of the New York Circumzenithal Arc

Have you ever looked up at the sky and been captivated by the beautiful optical phenomena that sometimes grace our atmosphere? One such phenomenon is the New York Circumzenithal Arc, a stunning display of colors that can be observed high above the Rockefeller Centre in New York City. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of this atmospheric optical phenomenon and explore the science behind its formation.

What is a Circumzenithal Arc?

A Circumzenithal Arc, also known as a circumzenithal halo or Bravais' arc, is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that occurs when sunlight interacts with ice crystals in the atmosphere. It appears as an arc of vibrant colors, typically located directly above the Sun and forming a halo-like shape. The colors are reminiscent of those seen in a rainbow, with shades of red on the inside and blue on the outside.

The Science Behind the New York Circumzenithal Arc

The formation of a Circumzenithal Arc requires specific atmospheric conditions. It occurs when sunlight passes through hexagonal ice crystals, which are typically found in cirrus clouds. These ice crystals act as prisms, refracting and reflecting sunlight in a way that creates the arc-shaped display.

To understand how the New York Circumzenithal Arc specifically forms, we must consider the geographical location and prevailing weather conditions of the area. New York City experiences a variety of weather patterns throughout the year, including cold winters and humid summers. These conditions are conducive to the formation of cirrus clouds, which are composed of ice crystals necessary for the creation of a Circumzenithal Arc.

Observing the New York Circumzenithal Arc

If you find yourself in New York City on a clear day with cirrus clouds present, you may have the opportunity to witness the breathtaking display of the New York Circumzenithal Arc. To observe it, look directly above the Sun and scan the sky for a halo-like arc. The colors will be most vibrant and distinct when the Sun is at its highest point in the sky.

It is important to note that the New York Circumzenithal Arc is a relatively rare phenomenon. Its occurrence depends on specific atmospheric conditions, making it a sight to behold when it does appear. Patience and a bit of luck are often necessary to witness this captivating display.

Similar Atmospheric Optical Phenomena

While the New York Circumzenithal Arc is a unique and mesmerizing phenomenon, there are other atmospheric optical phenomena that share similarities in appearance. These include:

• The Circumhorizontal Arc: This optical phenomenon appears as a horizontal arc of colors, often referred to as a "fire rainbow." It occurs when sunlight passes through ice crystals in cirrus clouds, similar to the formation process of a Circumzenithal Arc.

• The Sun Dog: Also known as a parhelion, a Sun Dog is a bright spot that appears on either side of the Sun. It is caused by the refraction of sunlight through ice crystals in the atmosphere, similar to the formation process of a Circumzenithal Arc.

• The Halo: A halo is a ring of light that encircles the Sun or Moon. It is formed by the refraction and reflection of sunlight or moonlight through ice crystals or water droplets in the atmosphere.

The Beauty and Wonder of Atmospheric Optics

The study of atmospheric optics allows us to appreciate the natural beauty and complexity of our atmosphere. Optical phenomena like the New York Circumzenithal Arc remind us of the intricate interactions between light, particles, and atmospheric conditions. They serve as a visual reminder of the awe-inspiring wonders that surround us every day.

Whether you are an avid sky-watcher or simply enjoy marveling at the wonders of nature, taking the time to observe and learn about atmospheric optical phenomena can be a truly rewarding experience. So, the next time you find yourself gazing up at the sky, keep an eye out for the New York Circumzenithal Arc or any other fascinating displays that may grace our atmosphere. You never know what breathtaking sights await you!

Circumzenithal Arc high over the Rockefeller Centre, New York City imaged by Ken-Shing Law

Ken-Shing Law, shown with permission.

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Reference Atmospheric Optics

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