Mushroom Sunset - La Coruna, Spain

Last updated on September 16, 2023

Mushroom Sunset - La Coruna, Spain: A Spectacular Atmospheric Phenomenon

Have you ever witnessed a truly mesmerizing sunset that defies the ordinary? In La Coruna, Spain, an extraordinary atmospheric phenomenon known as the "Mushroom Sunset" occurs, captivating the eyes and imagination of those fortunate enough to witness it. This captivating event, imaged by Oscar Blanco on October 25th, 2005, showcases the beauty and complexity of atmospheric optics.

As the upper sun begins its descent, a remarkable second sun emerges from the depths of the ocean. This second sun is actually an inverted image of the lower limb, creating a surreal mirage-like effect. What causes this breathtaking display? The answer lies in a strong temperature inversion that forms when warm air from the land overlays cooler maritime air. Let's delve deeper into the science behind this captivating event.

The strong temperature inversion present during the Mushroom Sunset in La Coruna leads to a phenomenon known as "ducting." Within the inversion layer, rays of light become trapped and travel considerable distances before escaping. It's truly astonishing to think that Oscar Blanco estimated himself to be no more than 30 meters above the ocean's surface while witnessing this spectacle. According to Andrew Young's estimation, the top of the inversion layer was approximately 5 meters below.

To fully appreciate the Mushroom Sunset, it's essential to understand the visual elements at play. The cooler air below the inversion layer appears as a distinct darker band above the horizon due to greater optical extinction. The upper edge of this band is illuminated by the "tin-hat" effect, a characteristic feature of strong inversions. This interplay of light and air creates a visual feast for the eyes, captivating observers with its unique beauty.

Now that we've explored the basics of the Mushroom Sunset phenomenon, let's delve into its broader implications. This captivating event serves as a reminder of the intricate and delicate nature of our atmosphere. It showcases the interplay between temperature, air masses, and the behavior of light. By studying and understanding these atmospheric optics phenomena, scientists gain valuable insights into the dynamics of our planet's atmosphere.

The Mushroom Sunset in La Coruna, Spain, is just one example of the countless breathtaking atmospheric phenomena that occur worldwide. From shimmering rainbows to elusive green flashes, the sky never ceases to amaze us with its wonders. These captivating events not only inspire awe but also provide valuable opportunities for scientific study and exploration.

As we continue to unravel the mysteries of our atmosphere, it is crucial to cherish and protect these natural wonders. They serve as a reminder of the beauty and complexity of our planet and the delicate balance that sustains life. So, the next time you find yourself gazing at a stunning sunset or witnessing a rare atmospheric phenomenon, take a moment to appreciate the intricate dance of light and air that creates such breathtaking displays.

Mushroom sunset La Coruna, Spanish Atlantic Coast . Imaged by Oscar Blanco 25th October '05. Image ©Oscar Blanco.

As the upper sun descends a second sun climbs from the ocean. The lower sun fragment is a rising inverted image of the lower limb. This remarkable mock-mirage sunset was made by a strong temperature inversion likely produced by warm air from onshore overlaying cooler maritime air. The cooler air below the inversion is visible a a darker band (greater optical extinction) above the horizon. Its upper edge is is lit by the 'tin-hat' effect characteristic of strong inversions.

The inversion here is so strong that 'ducting' is taking place. Rays are trapped within the inversion layer and travel considerable distances before escaping. Oscar estimates that he was no more than 30m above the ocean surface and Andrew Young estimates that the top of the inversion layer was ~5m below.

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Reference Atmospheric Optics

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